A licensed naturopathic doctor must complete 4 years of graduate medical education in conventional primary care medicine, in addition to a wide array of natural therapeutics including nutrition, botanical medicine, homeopathy, counseling and physical medicine. After completing their education, they must pass extensive board exams. While each state separately regulates naturopathic medicine, in Arizona NDs are trained to be primary care physicians and can accordingly order labs tests and imaging, perform physical exams and prescribe medications when necessary. When possible, however, we tend to favor leveraging lifestyle factors and therapeutic nutrition, in addition to pharmaceutical-grade supplements, botanicals, homeopathy and more. NDs in Arizona are required to complete 30 CMEs on an annual basis.